MISSISSIPPI WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION

MWCC NO. 97 03298-G-1767

WANDA L. JACKSON HALE                                                                                                              CLAIMANT

vs.

FLUOR DANIEL CORPORATION                                                                                                     EMPLOYER
AND
CONTINENTAL CASUALTY COMPANY                                                                                             CARRIER

REPRESENTING CLAIMANT:
Hon. Robert E. O'Dell, Attorney at Law, Pascagoula, Mississippi

REPRESENTING DEFENDANT:
Hon. Michael J. McElhaney, Jr., Attorney at Law, Pascagoula, Mississippi
 

COMMISSION ORDER

The Commission heard the above styled cause on April 10, 2000 in the offices of the Mississippi Workers' Compensation Commission in Jackson, Mississippi on the claimant's "Petition for Review by the Full Commission".

Having heard the arguments offered on behalf of the parties and having thoroughly studied the record and the applicable law, the Commission affirms the "Order of the Administrative Judge" dated February 9, 2000.

Also before the Commission is claimant's "Motion to Allow Additional Evidence" which is hereby denied.

SO ORDERED, this the 12th day of April, 2000.

MISSISSIPPI WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION
BY: Barney Schoby
Beverly Bolton
COMMISSIONERS

ATTEST:
Brenda H. Goolsby, Secretary
___________________________
 

MISSISSIPPI WORKERS' COMPENSATION COMMISSION

MWCC No. 97 03298-G-1767

WANDA L. JACKSON HALE1                                                                                                              CLAIMANT

vs.

FLUOR DANIEL CORPORATION                                                                                                     EMPLOYER
and
CNA INSURANCE CORPORATION                                                                                                      CARRIER

REPRESENTING THE CLAIMANT:
Robert E. O'Dell, Esquire, Pascagoula, Mississippi

REPRESENTING THE EMPLOYER AND CARRIER:
Michael J. McElhaney, Jr., Esquire, Pascagoula, Mississippi
 

ORDER OF THE ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE

The claimant filed her petition on December 22, 1997 alleging an injury and resulting disability to her lower back from an incident at work on February 3, 1997. The employer and carrier duly answered denying compensability. A hearing of this claim was held in Pascagoula on May 25, 1999, after which the record was kept open for the submission of additional evidence and pending submission of briefs by the parties. The record was closed on October 27, 1999 after the submission of briefs.
 

STIPULATIONS/EVIDENTIARY MATTERS

Prior to opening the record the parties were able to stipulate that the claimant's average weekly wage on the date of the alleged injury was $400.00, and to the admission into evidence of General Exhibits 1-29, as set out on the exhibit list made a part hereof.

After the close of testimony at the hearing the defendants moved for leave to take and submit the deposition testimony of Dr. Mollie Holtzman, a physician who had treated the claimant, and of Leon Tingle, a vocational rehabilitation specialist, which motions were granted. The deposition transcript of Dr. Holtzman was received by the commission on July 13, 1999 and has been admitted into evidence and duly marked by the undersigned as Employer/Carrier Exhibit 30. The deposition transcript of Mr. Tingle was received by the commission on August 25, 1999 and has been admitted into evidence and duly marked by the undersigned as Employer/Carrier Exhibit 31.
 

SUMMARY OF THE RELEVANT EVIDENCE ON COMPENSABILITY

Ms. Hale is a 40 year old resident of Vancleave who completed the ninth grade of school and later obtained her GED. She was hired by Fluor Daniel as a laborer and utility worker on November 1, 1996. At the time of the alleged injury the employer was providing contract labor and other services for Chevron Corporation at Chevron's oil refinery facility in Pascagoula, and on the night in question the claimant was working as a Fluor Daniel employee in the Chevron tool room, in which capacity she checked out tools and equipment as needed to Fluor Daniel and Chevron maintenance workers. Ms. Hale testified her normal duties involved working in the field doing anything from shoveling sulfur out of refinery tanks to cleaning debris from under bridges, but that she had been assigned her first duty in the Chevron tool room on this occasion because Fluor Daniel was performing maintenance operations at the refinery during what is commonly called a "shutdown." The only other person working in the Chevron tool room on the night in question was Betty Wood, a Chevron employee.

The claimant testified she was injured on the evening of Monday, February 3, 1997 while lifting a "come-along"2 off a hook on the wall to give to Mike McGrath, a Fluor Daniel employee. She said this particular come-along was of the one ton variety, so designated by the amount of weight it is able to accommodate and not its own weight, which she guessed to be about 25-30 pounds. She explained that this come-along was hanging on the wall at a height of about four and a half feet, that she had to lean over some tools on the floor to get to it, and that she pulled the come-along off the hooks and turned to walk away from the wall. Under direct examination by her, attorney on the result of this event, she responded as follows:

Ms. Hale went on to testify that she actually first felt soreness in her back when she got out of bed at 3:00 p.m. on Tuesday, February 4, 1997, prior to going to work at 6:00 p.m. She stated she had a conversation with Ms. Wood about her condition when she first reported to work on Tuesday evening, February 4th. She related this conversation as follows: Ms. Hale stated she did not report her injury to anyone else at this time, that she worked the rest of that week in the tool room, and that she went to see Dr. Cooper, who she identified as both her family doctor and the employer's doctor, about her back on the Thursday following her injury on Monday night. She testified no one sent her to see Dr. Cooper, that she went to him on her own and did not tell anyone at Fluor Daniel that she was going. She said Dr. Cooper gave her medication and told her to take it easy at work, but he did not take her off work at that time because he wanted to see whether the medication would resolve her problem. The claimant stated she missed work from her injury for the first time on Monday, February 10, and that she called Sue McGuire3 at Fluor Daniel about her absence on Tuesday, February 11, which was Mardi Gras. Ms. Hale initially stated she called Ms. McGuire because she couldn't get a work excuse from Dr. Cooper's office, which had closed early for Mardi Gras, but she then stated that it was McGuire who told her during their conversation on that date that she couldn't come back to work without a doctor's release because she was complaining of a back injury. The claimant testified that when McGuire asked her why she had missed work on Monday, she told McGuire, I had been moving and that I had picked up that come-along and I had hurt my back." She explained she was afraid to tell McGuire she had been hurt at work because "they lay people off for that," and she said she also told Dr. Cooper she had been moving and had picked up a come-along, for the same reason she had told that to McGuire. She said it was a "known fact" that the employer laid people off for back injuries and that she had been told that by a co-worker, Deborah Coney. Ms. Hale testified she also called Mike Watson, the employer's safety officer, on February 11 or 12, but all she could recall about this conversation was that she related to Watson what Ms. McGuire had told her about not returning to work without a doctor's release. The claimant also testified she had a second conversation with Watson about a week or 10 days later wherein he told her she had been laid off because he thought she was not coming back to work. She said Watson told her at this time not to mention the back injury and to come back to work when she was feeling better, at which point he would put her back to work.

Ms. Hale was also questioned about her horseback riding activities prior to February 3, 1997.4 She stated the last previous time she had ridden a horse was on a trial ride with a group of several hundred other people in November of 1996. She said that although she owned her own horse she did not ride between that trail ride and February 3 because, at first, she was working a lot of overtime on the day shift, such that it was dark before she got home in the evening, and then she was transferred to the night shift. She said the November trail ride made her sore because she had not been on a ride like that in a long time and was out of shape, and that she told "everybody" at work about being sore after that ride. She conceded she fell off her horse on the November ride, but maintained she was not injured and did not see a doctor afterwards. The claimant was not asked by her attorney if she told either Betty Wood or Deborah Coney on February 3, 1997 that she had fallen or been thrown from a horse during the previous weekend.
 
On cross-examination the claimant reiterated that it was Mike McGrath who came to the tool room window on the night of her injury and asked her for a one-ton come-along, which she indeed got for him. She also affirmed that she called Sue McGuire on February 11, that she did not tell anyone at Fluor Daniel she was going to a doctor prior to first seeing Dr. Cooper, that Dr. Cooper released her to return to work without restriction on February 12, and that she did not return to work after being released by Dr. Cooper. She also conceded that it may have been Friday, February 7 when she first saw Dr. Cooper. The claimant stated that she was uncomfortable at that time because she did not know whether Dr. Cooper would report her injury to the employer, even though she considered her first visit to him a personal visit which she intended to pay for.

Myles Hale, the claimant's husband since December of 1997, and also married to her at a time prior to her marriage to Tyrone Jackson, testified in support of her claim. Although not married to Ms. Hale at the time, Mr. Hale was on the aforementioned trail ride of November 1996. He said he was told about the claimant falling from her horse, but he did not witness it and she did not mention anything about it to him on any of the several later occasions when they spoke during the ride. Mike McGrath was the first witness called by the defense. Mr. McGrath testified that he is maintenance mechanic employed by Fluor Daniel to perform maintenance on Chevron's refinery; that he was working in that capacity during a maintenance shutdown at the refinery in January and February of 1997; that during this shutdown he went to the Chevron tool room several times at night to get tools and equipment; that he knew the claimant from her work in the Chevron tool room at that time; that, despite the claimant's testimony, there were no one-ton come-alongs in the Chevron tool room, only ton-and-a-half and three-ton come-alongs; that he was using three-ton come-alongs and three-ton chain falls to perform his work during this shutdown; that his normal practice was to walk into the tool room and get these devices for himself, because they are too heavy and awkward to be handled by the tool room personnel; that he did not recall asking the claimant to bring him any come-along or chain fall during this shutdown; that he always walked in to get these items himself and always took them back and hung them back on the wall himself; and that it was Fluor Daniel policy that all injuries were to be reported to the foreman at the time, which policy was reviewed at regular meetings with the employee.
 
On cross-examination Mr. McGrath stated he was positive it could not have been him that got a one-and-a-half ton come-along from the claimant during the time in question. He estimated that a one-and-a-half-ton come-along weighs between 30 to 35 pounds. The claimant's attorney also asked him about a written statement purportedly made by him on or about June 19, 1997 (Ex. 21). When presented with the document, McGrath confirmed that it was indeed his statement as provided to Mike Watson. In this statement McGrath averred that he had no knowledge of the claimant being injured in the tool room and any time he went to the tool room to get heavy lifting devices such as chain falls or come-alongs, he got them for himself. Under further cross-examination he reiterated that the claimant never gave him a come-along and that he always walked into the tool room and got what he needed for himself.
 
Debbie Coney was called as the next witness for the defense, and she testified she was employed by Fluor Daniel and had been on friendly terms with the claimant since the claimant began working at Fluor Daniel. Ms. Coney stated that she was talking with Ms. Hale in the bathroom on the night of Monday, February 3, the day the shutdown began, and the claimant told her she was hurting and bruised from failing off a horse. Ms. Coney also said the claimant had told her on the previous Friday that she, the claimant, would be going on a ride that weekend; that when she saw the claimant on Monday Ms. Hale was walking with a limp; and that Ms. Hale showed her a bruise on her leg. The witness said she could remember the date of this conversation because they talked about the ride the previous Friday, the claimant was off work that weekend, and then that Monday was the first day of the shutdown. Ms. Coney further testified that, according to Fluor Daniel policy, all injuries were to be immediately reported to the foreman.

On cross-examination Ms. Coney stated the claimant had mentioned that she would be going on the weekend ride with Carey Goff, another Fluor Daniel employee, and that the claimant always talked about her horse rides. When presented with a proposition involving the claimant having been on a ride with Carey Goff in November of 1996, and having fallen off her horse during that ride, and then being asked if this would cause her to doubt her recollection about when her alleged conversation with Ms. Hale occurred, the witness said it would not, because the claimant always talked about her rides, but this was the one time she said she fell off her horse.5
 
The next witness for the defense was Betty Wood, the Chevron employee who was working with the claimant in the tool room on the night of February 3, 1997. Ms. Wood testified that February 3 was the first night the claimant worked in the Chevron tool room, and that as soon as the claimant came in that night she mentioned "either falling off the horse or getting thrown by the horse or something, and she was kind of stove up and sore all over." Ms. Wood said she then told the claimant to take it easy and not do anything she didn't want to do. She said there was always plenty of help around, that the men always came in and got whatever they needed for themselves, so there was no reason to do any heavy work. She said that to her knowledge the claimant did not get hurt lifting anything in the tool room, although the claimant did "kind. of give one of those little groans like when you're picking up something slightly heavier than what you're used to..." when she was getting a ton-and-a-half come-along for one of the customers. Ms. Wood said that when the claimant made the noise while lifting the come-along, she thought it was because the claimant was sore from the accident with her horse, and that the claimant continued working in the tool room that night and never told her or indicated in any way that she had been injured that night. Ms. Wood did not recall who it was that asked the claimant for the come-along because it was very busy that night and she was helping another customer at the time. It was Ms. Wood's recollection that the claimant worked the next night but not the rest of the week, and she said the claimant never mentioned anything to her about going to see a doctor. Ms. Wood was not asked whether she had ever discussed these events with Deborah Coney.
 
Sue McGuire also testified for the defense. She identified herself as field coordinator for the Fluor Daniel human resources department and said she had been working in that capacity for seven years. She testified that the claimant called her on February 10th or 11th of 1997 saying she had hurt her neck, and that when she asked Ms. Hale how it happened, the claimant's reply was, "It must be from sleeping or something. I really don't know." She said the claimant did not at that time indicate in any way that she had been hurt at work. Ms. McGuire stated that Fluor Daniel policy requires the reporting of work injuries immediately, but that she was not aware that Ms. Hale was claiming a work injury until "way later ... [n]ot in that week." To Ms. McGuire's knowledge, no one had ever been terminated by Fluor Daniel for reporting a work injury. She said the claimant was terminated after being absent for three days without calling in, which was standard policy applicable to all employees. She said that when she talked to the claimant on February 10 or 11 Ms. Hale was concerned about her job, so she told her all she had to do was call in and bring a doctor's release. Ms. McGuire testified that Dr. Cooper's office faxed a release to the safety department on February 12 which allowed the claimant to return to full duty, but the claimant did not return or call in through the 14th, at which point she was terminated according to policy.
 
Attached as an exhibit to the claimant's deposition (see Ex. 1, p. 64) is a page from a "Daily Record of Events," apparently maintained by Ms. McGuire, dated February 11, 1997. This document supports Ms. McGuire's testimony that the claimant called her complaining of a neck injury un-related to work. 

Mike Watson was not deposed or called to testify by either party, but included as a part of the claimant's Fluor Daniel personnel file (Ex. 22) is a page from a "Daily Record, of Events," apparently maintained by Mr. Watson, dated February 21, 1997. This document indicates that the claimant had not mentioned her injury to Mr. Watson prior to this date, nor had she reported it to anyone else.

The deposition testimony of Dr. Kevin Cooper is in evidence (Ex. 5) along with his office records under affidavit (Ex. 11). Dr. Cooper testified the claimant presented to him on February 7, 1997 with a complaint of low back pain, and he responded as follows when asked about the history given him by the claimant:

(Ex. 5 at pp. 7-8) Dr. Cooper acknowledged he had seen the claimant for the flu only on Friday, January 31, 1997, that she did not have any other complaints on that date. He stated that it appeared to him on February 7 the claimant "was having basically what appeared to be sciatica or an irritation of the nerve that runs down the back of the leg. There was no indication at that time she had any problems with the coccyx."

Dr. Cooper was questioned about the claimant's coccyx because, over the course of subsequent treatment and examination by a number of specialists, Ms. Hale's chief complaint came to be centered on her coccygeal area, and her coccyx was eventually surgically removed by Dr. Charlton Barnes, an orthopedist. Several of the treating specialists were deposed for this action, and initially each one was willing to rely on the claimant's history of having been injured while lifting a come-along at work in attributing her condition to that event. But when they were asked whether in their experience a coccygeal injury such a the claimant's would be more likely to occur in a fall than in a lifting event, the consensus was that a fall or other trauma would be a more likely cause.6
 

DECISION

Upon consideration of the foregoing evidence, as well as the applicable law, the Administrative Judge finds and concludes that the claimant has failed to prove by a preponderance of the credible evidence that she suffered an injury arising out of and in the course of her employment with Fluor Daniel Corporation on or about February 3, 1997, and that her claim for benefits must therefore be denied and dismissed.
 
The claimant's testimony regarding the event of her injury is not corroborated by any other witness. This alone is not fatal to her case, because the uncorroborated testimony of a claimant can be competent evidence to substantiate a claim, as long as it is found to be credible and trustworthy. Seq Dunn, Mississippi Workers' Compensation, Section 264, pp. 320-21. And the undisputed testimony of a claimant generally ought to be accepted as true, so long as it is not unreasonable within the factual setting of the claim. White v. Superior Products. Inc., 515 So. 2d 294, (Miss. 1987). The claimant's problem is that her testimony regarding her injury is not merely disputed, it is disputed by every other witness who testified at the hearing except her husband, and he has no personal knowledge of the events of or surrounding the alleged injury. "Negative testimony concerning the cause of injury may be substantial evidence upon which a claim may be denied," White v. Superior, at 297, and the weight of the credible testimony here is substantially negative.

Deborah Coney and Betty Wood, the latter a Chevron employee, each testified that the claimant, on February 3, 1997, told her she had fallen or been thrown from as a horse during the immediately preceding weekend. There is nothing in the record to indicate that these women ever talked about this incident among themselves or even knew each other, and the claimant never directly denied making these statements, even when she was allowed to return to the stand in rebuttal after the defense presented its case. Furthermore, there was nothing in the demeanor of Ms. Wood or Ms. Coney while on the stand, nor is there anything else in the record, to indicate that either of them was an unreliable or untrustworthy witness. The combined weight of their testimony, without even considering the contradictory testimony of Sue McGuire and Mike McGarth, is sufficiently damaging to negate Ms. Hale's claim.
 

ORDER

IT IS, THEREFORE, ORDERED AND ADJUDGED that the claim of Wanda Jackson Hale against Fluor Daniel Corporation and CNA Insurance Corporation is hereby denied and dismissed.

SO ORDERED this the 9th day of February, 2000.
 
JAMES HOMER BEST
ADMINISTRATIVE JUDGE

ATTEST:
Brenda H. Goolsby, Secretary

___________________________

1. Sometime after filing her petition the claimant married Myles Hale, so she will be referred to throughout as Ms. Hale.

2. Evidently a device involving chains and rachets used to hoist and/or lift heavy pieces of machinery.

3. Subsequently identified during her own testimony as a human resources officer with the employer.

4. The employer's defense of it's denial of the claim is based, at least in part, on prior statements by both Betty Wood and Debbie Coney that the claimant stated on February 3 she had fallen or been thrown from a horse the previous weekend.

5. The deposition of Carey Goff, taken in December of 1997, was admitted as Exhibit 2. Mr. Goff stated he was on the same trail ride as the claimant in November of 1996 and that was the last time he had seen her riding a horse. Mr. Goff was not asked whether the claimant fell from her horse during this ride.

6 See, e.q., the deposition testimony of the aforementioned Dr. Charlton Barnes (Ex. 7 at pp. 13-14) and the deposition testimony of Dr. Terrence Millette, a neurologist (Ex. 8 at pp. 24-25).